庞之浩.关于空间实验室(站)发展技术途径的思考[J].中国科学院院刊,2011,(2):142-149.

庞之浩
北京空间科技信息研究所
Pang Zhihao
Beijing Institute of Space Science and Technology Information 100086 Beijing

         空间实验室;空间站;发展模式;技术途径;经验教训启示

        space laboratory;space station;developmen tpattern technology approaches;experiences and lessons inspiration

        苏联/俄罗斯、美国、欧洲和日本等国已先后发展了载人航天器。虽然他们采用了不同的战略和途径,但总的技术路线都是先研制技术较为简单、载人时间较短的空间实验室,然后研制技术较为复杂、载人时间较长、用途更为广泛的空间站。由于各国在发展空间实验室(站)的模式上有很大差异,因此所获得的成果也有天壤之别。通过分析、归纳和比较国外空间实验室(站)的发展技术途径,可以发现不少值得借鉴的经验与教训,对我国空间实验室(站)的发展战略和技术途径有一定启示。

        The Soviet union/Russia,USA,Europe and Japan have successively developed manned spacecraft.Although they adopted different strategies and approaches,yet the general technological route is first to develop space laboratory which is simple and man-tended on a short-term basis,then to develop space station that is more complex,man-tended on a longer term and with multiple purposes.Since the modes of various countries in developing space laboratory(station) are very different,the achievements also make a big difference.Through analysis,induction and comparison on foreign technology development approaches of space laboratory(station),we can discover many useful experiences and lessons.There would be inspirations for development strategy and technology approaches of our space laboratory(station).