Abstract:The regional development pattern of a country, on the one hand, is limited to the effects of the basic conditions of resources and environment, relative land-sea geographical location, spatial structure, regional function division, and other internal factors; on the other hand, in the system of economic globalization, is also related to the effects of external factors, especially the influence on opening strategy and pattern. Because of the different periods, the country''s open strategy and pattern are different, the degree of different regional response and the focus are not the same, and the effect of regional development is also different. Therefore, opening up is an important factor which affects the change of the regional pattern. In terms of the reform and opening, our country can be divided into two big open stages. One is mainly opening to the sea and the east in 1978-2014; the other one is, after 2015, under the strategy of“the Belt and Road(B&R)”, clearly stated in the party's Fifth Session of the Eighteen Central Committee“sea land interaction, west and east the bidirectional open stage”. Firstly, this paper reviews the evolution and existing characteristics of China's regional development pattern under the opening up dominated by the east region, and finds that the eastern regions response better than the midwest, and shaping such a development pattern, the east is higher than the west, in both economic development and the development intensity, while the east is denser than the west, in both agglomeration population and supporting infrastructure network. Per capita GDP, development intensity (the proportion that industrial and urban construction land area accounted for the total land area), population density, railway network density and the relative gap between the eastern and western regions, respectively for 43.31%, 90.37%, 93.79%, 81.92%, and 82.27%. Secondly, in the process of the first stage and during the process, the paper elaborates the fact that there is no change in reducing regional disparities, under two-wheeled development and opening up from the east to the west, while the Belt and Road (B&R) is expected to become an important strategy to solve this problem, which brings a greater impact on the development pattern of China's border regions and their rear base as well as inland stronghold style area. That is, the expansion of territorial development from east to west promoted by the 156 projects and three-line construction and the opening from east to west expanded and promoted by river cities and capital cities, these measures alleviate the expansion trend of the gap between the east and the west, but do not achieve the fundamental reverse. And then analyzes the role of“the B&R”in changing the opening pattern and narrowing the gap between the east and the west. The core regions that the strategy of “the B&R”may produce response, are mainly China's border areas, the rear bases, and inland stronghold areas. Among them, the border areas and the rear bases mainly focus on Russia and Mongolia, West Asia, Central Asia, Indo-China Peninsula, and other behind square, give full play to the advantages in China's manufacturing capacity and modern service industry, and combine with the interactive relationship of “the B&R”the border areas, to carry out the international cooperation. Finally, the paper recommends the followings towards the“bidirectional opening up”as policy response to the inland border areas, including: (1)implement the innovation-driven strategy, in order to enhance the brand and innovation capability; (2) fight for increased state investment, in order to improve the interoperability of infrastructure; and(3)follow the basic rule of the spatial structure of the organization, in order to optimize land space development pattern.