Abstract:Education is the single most important factor in stopping the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Hure Banner in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Shuicheng County in Guizhou Province are two national-level poverty-stricken counties that receive help from the Chinese Academy of Sciences with which they are paired in the national poverty alleviation program. The Administrative Bureau of Chinese Academy of Sciences has a tradition of being enthusiastic about public welfare undertakings. They take advantage of their educational resources in preschool education and basic education to build "one link and two bases" in Hure Banner and Shuicheng County. They have carried out the exploration of new model of "poverty alleviation by science and education" with science as its features. Up to now, the Administrative Bureau of Chinese Academy of Sciences has invested 2 million yuan in Hure Banner to improve its educational environment, and they have sponsored more than 300 outstanding teachers and students to participate in the activities of "Going into the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Approaching Scientists" in relevant institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Administrative Bureau of Chinese Academy of Sciences has also carried out activities to popularize scientific knowledge, such as "Popular Science Reading on Campus" and "Science Express" in Shuicheng County. They have also trained 7521 teachers at all levels in Hure Banner and Shuicheng County, which has effectively improved the scientific literacy of local teachers and students. In the future, the Administrative Bureau of Chinese Academy of Sciences will conduct more in-depth explorations on the model and content of "poverty alleviation by science and education", and build a precise paired community, with the aim to achieve long-term, stable, and real-time "poverty alleviation by science and education".