Abstract:It has been 50 years since UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme was launched in 1971. China joined this global inter-governmental scientific program in 1973, and the Chinese National Committee for the UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB China) was founded in 1978, with the support of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in collaboration with other ministries engaged in the administration of environmental conservation, forestry, agriculture, education, ocean and atmosphere, and so on. Since then, MAB China has carried out diverse explorations combining the value of UNESCO-MAB and the needs of the natural reserves in China. MAB has played an important role in promoting biodiversity conservation, sustainable use of natural resources, ecological civilization of China. With the approaching of 15th Conference of the Parties (COP15) to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity and the 50th anniversary of MAB, the article reviews the progress of the implementation of MAB in China, analyzes the problems and challenges, and advances proposals in regard of the rising needs of global environmental governance and construction of community of shared life by cooperation within international community.