Abstract:In 2020, China has historically eliminated absolute poverty. While improving the well-being of the people, it has also accumulated valuable experience in poverty governance. Standing at a new historical starting point, it is necessary to analysis the practice of poverty alleviation in China, and at the same time review the multi-dimensional social changes in the poverty-stricken rural areas of our country. In order to tap the important experience in the practice of poverty alleviation in China, this study first combs the evolution characteristics of China's poverty alleviation policies from both horizontal and vertical levels, quantitatively analyzes poverty alleviation policies from two aspects of policy density and policy intensity, and calculates the cumulative effectiveness of China's poverty alleviation policies. Finally, selecting a number of indicators that can be measure the multi-dimensional changes in rural society to analyze the correlation between the multi-dimensional changes in rural society and the cumulative effectiveness of poverty alleviation policies. The study found that the cumulative effectiveness of poverty alleviation policies has a significant negative correlation with the incidence of poverty in rural areas, and a significant positive correlation with infrastructure construction conditions, the level of social public services, and the living standards of residents in poor rural areas.