Abstract:Based on a profound understanding of the great significance of constructing an ecological protection pattern in Northwest China, this paper systematically summarizes the achievements, new problems and new trends of ecological protection in Northwest China, and accordingly, puts forward an overall spatial arrangement for the ecological protection under "two regions (watersheds)-six zones (core ecological function zones)-multiple points (key ecological points)". In addition, a key path to construct a new pattern of ecological protection in Northwest China is expounded in order to make more contributions to the acceleration of the harmonious co-existence between human and nature. The path is mainly based on implementing a key task of the protection and restoration around six core ecological function zones, and meanwhile, carrying out three important actions, i.e., the construction of green low-carbon recycling industry system, the overall improvement of ecosystem quality and stability, and the reform and innovation of ecological protection mechanism.