Abstract:Manufacturing is the foundation and pillar of the national economy, and a key support for achieving high-quality development. Advancing the transformation, upgrading, and innovation-driven development of the manufacturing industry is of utmost importance. At present, China has already completed the first phase of its national strategy to become a manufacturing powerhouse ahead of schedule and is steadily advancing toward that long-term goal. However, the road ahead is likely to be shaped by a complex and volatile international environment and intense strategic competition from the United States. This study evaluates China’s strategy to become a manufacturing powerhouse from the perspective of U.S. policy and public discourse, analyzing the underlying American perceptions and strategic anxieties. Based on the analysis, it further proposes how China, at a new stage in its industrial development, can effectively respond to external challenges and advance the high-quality development of its manufacturing sector in pursuit of its long-term national goals.