Abstract:The application ecology of artificial intelligence foundation model is rapidly expanding. The environment, society, and governance are facing new challenges and opportunities. Exploring the construction of a governance framework for the development risks of foundation model has important theoretical value and practical significance for promoting the healthy and sustainable development of artificial intelligence. Based on the theories of ESG and artificial intelligence governance, this study analyzes the development benefits and typical risks of foundation model from the perspective of ESG and then constructs a risk governance framework and implementation strategies for artificial intelligence foundation models. This study shows that a dual approach of technological governance and institutional innovation is necessary to address the development risks of foundation models. Following the logic of “entry perspective → risk identification → governance mechanism → governance strategy”, the study exploringly proposes the risk governance framework of foundation model. Based on the impact cycle and scope of the foundation model risk, this study proposes four differentiated governance strategies, including “release, control, pilot, and iteration”.